Despite the significant advancements, catalytic engineering faces several challenges:
Deactivation: Catalysts can lose activity over time due to fouling, sintering, or poisoning, necessitating regeneration or replacement. Scalability: Translating laboratory-scale catalyst performance to industrial-scale processes can be challenging due to differences in conditions and reactor design. Cost: The use of precious metals and complex preparation methods can make catalysts expensive, impacting the overall process economics. Environmental Impact: The production and disposal of catalysts can have environmental implications, requiring sustainable practices and green chemistry approaches.
