SAMs find applications in various types of catalysis, including heterogeneous catalysis, photocatalysis, and electrocatalysis. In heterogeneous catalysis, SAMs can be used to create active sites that are highly selective for specific reactions. In photocatalysis, SAMs can help in the efficient transfer of energy from light to the catalytic surface. In electrocatalysis, SAMs can be used to enhance the efficiency of electron transfer processes, which is crucial for reactions like water splitting and fuel cells.
