To mitigate the risks associated with toxic chemicals, researchers are actively seeking alternatives. Some promising approaches include: - Green Catalysis: This involves using environmentally benign catalysts like enzymes or biocatalysts to achieve similar reaction efficiencies. - Heterogeneous Catalysts: These catalysts can be easily separated from the reaction mixture, reducing the risk of contamination. Examples include metal oxides and supported metal catalysts. - Non-metal Catalysts: The use of organic molecules or polymers as catalysts can eliminate the need for toxic heavy metals.
