Synchrotron radiation sources are advanced X-ray sources that produce extremely bright and intense X-rays by accelerating electrons to nearly the speed of light in a circular orbit. These facilities, such as European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) and Advanced Photon Source (APS), are invaluable in catalysis research. Their ability to provide high-brilliance, tunable X-rays allows for in situ and operando studies, enabling researchers to observe catalytic processes under realistic conditions.
