There are several types of decarboxylases, each specific to different substrates. For instance, pyruvate decarboxylase catalyzes the decarboxylation of pyruvate to acetaldehyde and CO2, a key step in alcoholic fermentation. Glutamate decarboxylase converts glutamate into gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a crucial neurotransmitter in the nervous system.
