Several models are used to describe and predict mass transfer phenomena in catalytic systems:
1. Film Theory: This model assumes a thin film or boundary layer around the catalyst where mass transfer occurs primarily by diffusion. 2. Penetration Theory: This theory considers the transient nature of mass transfer in dynamic systems, focusing on the periodic renewal of the boundary layer. 3. Surface Renewal Theory: This model accounts for the continuous renewal of the surface layer, providing a more realistic representation of turbulent systems.
