Several mechanical properties are crucial for the performance of catalysts in industrial applications:
1. Hardness: This measures a material's resistance to deformation. In the context of catalysis, a harder catalyst can better withstand the physical wear and tear during the reaction process.
2. Toughness: Toughness indicates how well a material can absorb energy and plastically deform without fracturing. A tough catalyst can endure the stresses and strains of repeated use.
3. Porosity: The presence and distribution of pores within a catalyst affect both its mechanical strength and its catalytic efficiency. Highly porous materials, while beneficial for high surface area, may suffer from lower mechanical strength.
4. Compressive Strength: This is the ability of a catalyst to withstand compressive forces. Catalysts often operate under high pressures, so those with high compressive strength are necessary to maintain structural integrity.
