Ferroelectric materials possess a spontaneous electric polarization that can be reoriented by applying an external electric field. This property is due to the asymmetric distribution of ions within their crystal lattice. Common examples include barium titanate (BaTiO3), lead zirconate titanate (PZT), and lithium niobate (LiNbO3). Their ability to maintain a permanent electric dipole makes them highly attractive for various applications.
