Several factors can limit heat transfer in catalysis:
1. Thermal Conductivity of the Catalyst: Catalysts with low thermal conductivity can create thermal gradients within the catalytic bed. 2. Reactor Design: Poorly designed reactors may have inadequate heat exchange surfaces, leading to inefficient heat distribution. 3. Flow Rates: High flow rates can result in insufficient contact time for heat transfer, while low flow rates can lead to uneven temperature distribution. 4. Heat Source: Inconsistent or inadequate heat sources can exacerbate heat transfer limitations.
