Several analytical techniques are employed to evaluate catalyst performance:
Gas Chromatography (GC): Used to separate and analyze compounds that can be vaporized. Mass Spectrometry (MS): Provides detailed information about the molecular composition of the reaction products. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR): Used to determine the structure of organic compounds. X-ray Diffraction (XRD): Analyzes the crystalline structure of the catalyst material. Surface Area Analysis: Determines the surface area available for catalytic reactions, often using techniques like BET (Brunauer-Emmett-Teller) analysis.
