1. Conduct a Prior Art Search: This helps determine if the invention is novel and non-obvious. 2. Draft a Patent Application: The application must include detailed descriptions, claims, and drawings of the invention. 3. File the Application: Submit the application to the relevant patent office (e.g., USPTO, EPO). 4. Prosecution: Engage in a back-and-forth with the patent examiner to address any objections or rejections. 5. Grant and Maintenance: Once granted, pay maintenance fees to keep the patent in force.