Several techniques are used to identify the rate limiting step in a catalytic process. Kinetic studies, where the reaction rate is measured as a function of various parameters, can offer insights. Additionally, spectroscopic methods like Infrared (IR) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy can track intermediate species, providing clues about the slowest step. Computational methods, such as Density Functional Theory (DFT), also play a critical role in modeling and predicting the rate limiting step.
