There are several methods to enhance the surface area of catalysts, including:
1. Nanostructuring: Reducing the particle size to the nanoscale increases the surface area-to-volume ratio. 2. Porous Materials: Using materials with a high degree of porosity, such as zeolites and metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), provides a large internal surface area. 3. Support Materials: Dispersing the active catalytic material on a high surface area support like activated carbon or silica. 4. Doping and Alloying: Introducing other elements to create a more rugged surface texture.
