There are several methods to achieve structural tunability in catalysts:
Doping: Introducing small amounts of other elements to modify the electronic and structural properties of the catalyst. Support Modification: Altering the support material's properties to enhance the overall performance of the catalyst. Nanostructuring: Creating catalysts with nanoscale features to increase surface area and active sites. Post-Synthesis Treatment: Applying treatments such as calcination, reduction, or oxidation to modify the catalyst structure.