Silica can be functionalized through various methods to enhance its catalytic properties. Common techniques include:
Impregnation: Soaking silica in a solution containing the active metal or catalyst precursor, followed by drying and calcination. Grafting: Covalently attaching organic ligands or complexes to the silica surface. Sol-Gel Process: Incorporating catalytic species during the synthesis of silica via sol-gel methods.
