Product desorption can be monitored using various techniques:
- Temperature-Programmed Desorption (TPD): This technique heats the catalyst in a controlled manner while monitoring the desorbed products using a [mass spectrometer](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass_spectrometry).
- Infrared Spectroscopy (IR): IR can be used to observe the presence and disappearance of specific spectral bands corresponding to the products, providing insights into the desorption process.
- Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA): TGA measures the weight loss of a catalyst as a function of temperature, which can be correlated to the desorption of products.
