1. Design of Experiments: Scientists use software tools to design a series of experiments. These tools can optimize the experimental design to maximize the information gained. 2. Execution: Robotic systems carry out the experiments based on the designed protocols. This includes tasks such as mixing reagents, controlling reaction conditions, and monitoring reactions in real time. 3. Data Collection: Sensors and analytical instruments collect data on reaction progress, yields, and catalyst performance. 4. Data Analysis: Machine learning algorithms analyze the collected data, identifying trends and suggesting the next set of experiments.