Three-Way Catalysts (TWCs) are designed to simultaneously address three primary pollutants: CO, hydrocarbons (HC), and nitrogen oxides (NOx). These catalysts promote oxidation and reduction reactions:
- CO + 0.5 O2 → CO2 - CnHm + (n+m/4) O2 → n CO2 + m/2 H2O - 2 NO + 2 CO → N2 + 2 CO2
The catalytic materials facilitate these reactions at lower temperatures, thus enabling efficient conversion of pollutants.
