Each advanced detector operates based on a unique principle:
MS works by ionizing chemical compounds to generate charged molecules and measuring their mass-to-charge ratios. FTIR detects molecular vibrations by measuring the absorbance of infrared light, providing a spectrum that can be used to identify chemical bonds. NMR spectroscopy exploits the magnetic properties of certain nuclei to provide information on the physical and chemical properties of atoms or molecules. XAS involves measuring the absorption of X-rays as they pass through a material, providing data on the oxidation state and coordination environment of the catalysts. SERS enhances the Raman scattering of molecules adsorbed on rough metal surfaces or nanostructures, enabling the detection of low-abundance species.
