HDS catalysts operate by providing active sites where sulfur-containing molecules adsorb and react with hydrogen. The process typically occurs at high temperatures (300-400°C) and high pressures (30-130 atm). The general reaction mechanism involves the following steps:
Adsorption of sulfur compounds onto the catalyst surface. Hydrogenation of sulfur compounds to form hydrogen sulfide (H2S). Desorption of H2S and sulfur-free hydrocarbons from the catalyst surface.
