In catalysis, economies of scale are realized through several mechanisms:
Bulk Purchasing: Buying raw materials and catalysts in larger quantities often results in discounted prices, reducing overall costs. Improved Process Efficiency: Larger-scale operations can afford more sophisticated equipment and technology, which often lead to higher yields and faster reaction times. Research and Development: Larger companies can invest more in R&D, leading to the development of more efficient catalysts and processes. Labor Specialization: In larger operations, workers can specialize in specific tasks, improving efficiency and reducing errors. Energy Consumption: Larger reactors and continuous processes often consume less energy per unit of product compared to smaller, batch processes.
