Vehicles are a significant source of air pollution, primarily due to the combustion of fossil fuels. Catalytic converters are fitted in the exhaust systems of cars to convert toxic gases such as carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and hydrocarbons (HC) into less harmful substances like carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrogen (N2), and water (H2O). They typically use precious metals like platinum, palladium, and rhodium as catalysts.
