There are several methods to increase the surface area of a catalyst:
1. Nanostructuring: Creating nanoparticles or nanoclusters of the catalyst material can dramatically increase surface area. 2. Porous Materials: Using materials with high intrinsic porosity, such as zeolites or mesoporous silica, can provide a vast internal surface area. 3. Support Materials: Dispersing the active catalyst on a high-surface-area support like activated carbon or alumina can enhance the overall surface area. 4. Layered Structures: Thin films or layered structures can also be used to maximize surface exposure.
