phase transformations

How Can Phase Transformations Be Characterized?

Various techniques are used to characterize phase transformations, including:
X-ray Diffraction (XRD): Identifies the crystal structure and phase composition.
Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM): Provides information on the morphology and crystallinity at the nanoscale.
Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC): Measures the heat flow associated with phase transitions.
Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA): Monitors changes in weight that indicate transformations due to temperature changes.

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