How are Plasmids Used in Genetic Engineering for Catalysis?
In genetic engineering, plasmids are used as vectors to introduce new genes into host cells. This process involves several steps:
Gene Cloning: The gene of interest is inserted into a plasmid vector using restriction enzymes and DNA ligase. Transformation: The recombinant plasmid is introduced into a host cell, typically a bacterium like Escherichia coli. Selection: Only the cells that have successfully taken up the plasmid are selected using antibiotic resistance markers. Expression: The host cells are cultured, and the inserted gene is expressed to produce the desired enzyme.
