Enzymes can be modified through several techniques:
1. Genetic Engineering: This involves altering the DNA sequence of an enzyme to change its amino acid sequence. Techniques like site-directed mutagenesis, directed evolution, and recombinant DNA technology are commonly used.
2. Chemical Modifications: Enzymes can be chemically modified by attaching functional groups to specific amino acids. This can enhance their stability, solubility, or catalytic activity.
3. Environmental Modifications: Changing the conditions under which an enzyme operates, such as pH, temperature, or the presence of cofactors, can also modify its activity.
