Adsorption and desorption are studied using various techniques, including temperature-programmed desorption (TPD), surface area analysis using BET (Brunauer-Emmett-Teller) method, and spectroscopic methods like infrared (IR) spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). These methods help in understanding the interactions between the adsorbate and the catalyst, as well as the kinetics and thermodynamics of the adsorption-desorption processes.
