What are Some Common Methods for Enantioselective Catalysis?
Several methods are used for achieving enantioselective catalysis:
- Asymmetric Hydrogenation: This technique involves the addition of hydrogen to a substrate in the presence of a chiral catalyst, leading to the formation of chiral products. Notable examples include the use of Rhodium and Ruthenium complexes with chiral ligands.
- Asymmetric Epoxidation: This method involves the selective formation of epoxides from alkenes using chiral catalysts like Sharpless epoxidation, which employs titanium-tartrate complexes.
- Asymmetric Dihydroxylation: This involves the addition of two hydroxyl groups to a double bond in a stereoselective manner, often using OsO4 with chiral ligands.
- Asymmetric Aldol Reactions: These reactions form carbon-carbon bonds with the help of chiral catalysts like proline derivatives, yielding chiral β-hydroxy carbonyl compounds.
