Catalysts are used in a wide range of applications, including:
Industrial Processes: Catalysts are essential in the production of chemicals, fuels, and materials. Examples include the Haber-Bosch process for ammonia synthesis and the catalytic cracking of hydrocarbons in petroleum refining. Environmental Protection: Catalysts play a crucial role in pollution control, such as in catalytic converters for automobile emissions and photocatalytic degradation of pollutants. Energy Conversion: Catalysts are vital for renewable energy technologies, including fuel cells, solar cells, and hydrogen production. Biotechnology and Medicine: Enzymatic catalysts are used in drug synthesis, diagnostic assays, and therapeutic treatments.
