How Does Catalysis Impact the Efficiency of Fuel Cells?
Fuel cells convert chemical energy directly into electrical energy through electrochemical reactions, with catalysis being crucial for their operation.
1. Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs): These cells use a polymer electrolyte membrane and require platinum-based catalysts for both the anode and cathode reactions. Advances in catalyst development are focused on reducing platinum usage and finding durable, cost-effective alternatives.
2. Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs): These cells operate at high temperatures and use ceramic materials as electrolytes. Nickel-based catalysts are commonly used, and research is ongoing to improve their efficiency and longevity.
